보육·유아교육 분야 일자리 수급분석 및 확충 방안

Abstract

□ 본 연구는 보육·유아교육 분야 일자리 규모를 파악하고, 근무환경 및 처우 등을 분석하여 보육·유아교육 분야 공공 및 민간 부문 일자리 질 개선 및 양적 확충 방안을 제시하고자 함.

This study presents measures to improve the quality and quantitatively expand jobs in public and private sectors in childcare and early childhood education by identifying the size of jobs in childcare and early childhood education sector and analyzing factors such as the working environment and treatment.

For the research method, this study collected and examined statistical data such as relevant previous researches, overseas reference cases, childcare and education statistics, the status of childcare and kindergarten qualifications, and the recruitment status of public kindergarten teachers, and analyzed the status of childcare teachers’ qualifications and reported data of appointment or termination of childcare teachers in cooperation with the Ministry of Health and Welfare and the Korea Childcare Promotion Institute. Furthermore, a job analysis was conducted to determine the type of work, frequency and time of execution, workload and ease of work performed by childcare and kindergarten teachers, and the survey was held with directors and teachers of childcare centers and kindergartens to determine the working conditions and treatment of childcare and kindergarten childcare staffs. Lastly, the study built scenarios to expand national and state public daycare centers and kindergartens (achieve40% utilization rate by 2022), to reorganize the childcare support system, to adjust the teacher to child ratio and the standard of classroom placement, and to expand public and private jobs such as resources requiring additional allocation and improve work environment, and estimated the required size of jobs and additional required financial needs.

Based on the results of this study, recommendations are as follows.

First, we recommend amending the standard for installing childcare centers and kindergartens to mandate the establishment of the teacher space. Second, we recommend to gradually raise the working environment improvement cost. At the same time, the allowance for private and home child care centers should be diversified and the payment should be increased to the similar level of the allowance provided to public day care centers and kindergartens. Third, we recommend to gradually improve the teacher-to- child ratio or the kindergarten classroom placement standard in consideration of hours used by children of childcare centers and kindergartens. Fourth, non-classroom teachers should be assigned instead of assistant teachers and substitute teachers in child care centers that have more than ten working staffs and add an additional non-classroom teacher every time the number of childcare staffs increases. Fifth, re-training programs should be provided to certificate holders who have been issued childcare teacher and kindergarten teacher certificates but have no employment experiences or have been on leave for long periods of time, thereby resolving resource supply problems. Sixth, as the number of births is expected to decrease sharply in the future, the supply-demand analysis should be conducted annually to adjust the size of hiring resources for public day care centers and public kindergartens. Seventh, we recommend establishing a standard for mandatory assignment of clerks and janitors and cleaners so that teachers can focus on childcare education activities.