한국아동 성장발달 종단연구 2019(한국아동패널 Ⅱ)

Abstract

□ 2019년도 한국아동패널에서는 초등학교 5학년으로 진학한 1,600여명의 아동과 그 가족, 학교 담임교사를 대상으로 신체적, 인지적, 정신적 발달과 변화를 조사하고 그들을 둘러싼 환경의 역할과 영향을 확인하고자 함.

The Panel Study on Korean Children(PSKC) provides longitudinal and cross-sectional data to scholars in the related fields in order to enrich their academical research and develop national policies for children through the studies. We have also supplied the annual research reports with PSKC data since 2008 by analyzing the major variables on children’s cognitive, linguistic, physical, and socio-emotional development and effects of the various environment surrounding them. The 12th year wave of PSKC in 2019 consisted of producing the annual research report, providing the whole PSKC data on the “Public Open Data” web-site, and holding the international conference on panel studies with PSKC. The annual repeated survey and developmental measures for children, parent interviews and questionnaires, and a web-based questionnaire for the home-room teacher of each child are conducted. There were 1,412 panel families participating in the 12th year survey with retention rate of 65.7%. A few representative points from the research results are as follows: First, 11 year old panel children’s mean height is 141.15㎝(SD=6.45) and weight 37.63㎏(SD=8.42). The percentage of possessing a cell-phone is 80.5% and using hours are 1.55h per day(SD=1.01) for a boy and 1.45h per day(SD=0.91) for a girl. The average hour of watching TV or other video clips are 1.16 hour on weekdays and 2.42 hours on weekends. Second, the average sleeping hours are 9.14 hours on weekdays and 9.49 hours on weekends. The 64.5% of the panel children play musical instruments and enjoy sports 75.3%: boys prefer soccer and Taegwondo while girls enjoy swimming more. Third, the mean score of communication skills is 4.10(SD=0.50) on the 5 point scale: girls’ average score is higher than boys. The children’s average self-esteem score is 3.48(SD=0.46) on the 5 point scale, which means relatively high level in the measurement. In the perception of overall happiness, the mean score is 3.30(SD=0.47), which shows also pretty high level. Fourth, the proportion of getting bullying in school was 8.3~15.2% according to the kinds of the bulling. Fifth, 38.4% of the children responded positively to the question of their intention on marriage in the future. The proportion for girls is lower than that for boys. 12.5% of the children said yes on the question if they would have a child in their future. According to the results of the survey, we suggested some implication including special care for children from low income family and the importance of providing well-designed education programs for anti-cyber bullying and addiction of using internet.