영유아 교육·보육비용 추정연구

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to estimate the amount of infants’ education and child-care cost and private education cost, and to seek a policy plan for relieving a burden of parents’ expense by analyzing the spending trend of a research in 2012 and its determinant of the expenditure. The targets of this research are 2,519 households residing in sampled 100 enumeration districts that have 0~5year-old infants, and total 3,630 infants who live in those households. A content of this study is comprised of the separate data of both households and infants. Household survey is first to ask opinions on characteristics of households and parents, and parents’ expenditure on child-care and education, and to understand the children who are the objects of this investigation. Second, it is to inquire into characteristics of targeted children as individual child research on targeted children, and to examine in service usage and its cost. Targeted services of this research include a use of a nursery school and a pre-school, an over half-day program private educational institute, a part-time school of education and a private culture center, an individual/group education and guidance and a training for home-school materials utilization, a training for internet and telephone, a blood and non-blood related care service, a café for kids, a purchase and a rent fee of books, teaching wares and toys, and a cost for exhibitions and museums. This research has been undertaken for about a month from 15th of June to 15th of July, 2013. Total amount of child-care and education cost of 0~5-year-old pre-school children is annually 4,995.1 billion won, 0.39% of GDP which decreased around 1 trillion won and 1% of GDP comparing to 5,900 billion won, 0.48% of GDP in 2012. While 0~2-year-old reached 1,230 billion won, that is 0.1% of GDP, 3~5-year-old made 3,722 billion. Comparing to the research in 2012, while 0~2-year-old decreased about 130 billion won from 1,360 billion won; the burden of parents for 3~5-year-old decreased 800 billion won from 4,540 billion won. The underlying reason for this decline can be seen due to the increase of a Nuri curriculum for 3~5-year-old. The policy plans can be elaborated as following. First, a nursery facility clarifies criteria of management for extracurricular activities and strengthens management and monitoring. A pre-school provides criteria of management in detail for after-school specializing program. Second, it normalizes a standardized child care curriculum and a Nuri curriculum, and reduces after-school specializing program. Furthermore, it prohibits a learning-based management. Third, since a nursery school and pre-school management is run by mainly private sector; it expands the supply of national nursery schools and pre-schools which bring fewer burdens to parents. Forth, it reinforces government’s management and monitoring on English private educational institutes which run in similar way with nursery schools and pre-schools. Fifth, it enhances management and monitoring on culture center programs and instructors. Sixth, it vitalizes parents training of nursery schools and pre-schools in order to improve parental awareness on the education of their children.