본 연구에서는 만 3~4세 유아를 둔 맞벌이 부부를 대상으로 아버지의 근무시간과 자녀의 수를 포함한 사회인구학적 변인과 아버지의 성역할태도 및 어머니 문지기 역할의 아버지의 양육 참여도에 대한 주효과와 상호작용 효과를 살펴보았다. 연구 결과, 어머니가 문 열기 행동을 많이 할수록, 아버지의 근무시간이 짧고 근대적인 성역할태도를 가질수록 아버지의 양육참여도가 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 아버지의 양육참여도에 대해 성역할태도와 어머니의 문열기 행동간 상호작용 효과도 유의하게 나타났다. 즉, 전통적인 성역할태도를 가지고 있는 아버지는 어머니가 문 열기 행동을 많이 할수록, 근대적인 성역할태도를 가지고 있는 아버지는 어머니가 문 열기 행동을 적게 할수록 양육 참여도가 높아지는 것으로 나타났다.
This study examines the effect of the father’s gender role attitudes and maternal gatekeeping on paternal involvement in childrearing. This study also examined the interaction effects of the father’s gender role attitudes and maternal gatekeeping on paternal involvement in childrearing after controlling the demographic variables. The study participants were 184 mother-father pairs of dual income families who have a 3 to 4 year-old child currently enrolled in a child care center in Gyeonggi Province. The study results were as follows. First, paternal involvement in childrearing increased as the father’s working hours were shorter, as they had more egalitarian gender role attitudes, and as the mothers showed more gate opening behavior. However, the number of children in the household and the maternal gate closing behavior were not significantly related with paternal involvement in childrearing. Second, there was an interaction effect of the father’s gender role attitudes and maternal gate opening on paternal involvement in childrearing. More specifically, the fathers with traditional gender role attitudes showed more childrearing involvement when the mothers showed more gate opening behavior, while the fathers with egalitarian gender role attitudes showed more childrearing involvement when the mothers showed less gate opening behavior.