육아지원분야의 지속가능한 남북 교류협력 방안 연구

Abstract

Until now, support projects for infants and children in North Korea were concentrated on health and medical field. Considering if North and South Koreas come to the level where they exchange and cooperate reciprocally, the field should expand its fields to education and child care as well. Therefore, this study tried to discover sustainable projects in education and child care field and various ways to push forward these projects when inter-Korean relation is improved. The study collected data about Germans’ education and child care field and cases of China-Taiwan exchange and cooperation.. In order to collect data and have interviews with the officials, Yian-Ji-Shi of China and Tokyo of Japan were visited. In addition, opinion survey targeting to 53 experts was conducted and 800 people in public completed the survey. Main findings of the study are as follows.

In case of Germany and China-Taiwan, exchange and cooperation in non-political field are not only sustainable but also have positive effects on political field. Currently, South Korea's support projects toward North Korea are currently ceased while overseas located Korean private organization and international organizations(UNICEF, WEP, FAO, UNFPA, WHO) still continues their roles. However, their projects were not about economic assistance from the humanitarian perspective or a project of emergency relief but to mainly promote welfare of North Korean people and developmental cooperation project to construct infrastructure. The development cooperation project was already held in 2005 when South Korean government implemented North Korea infant and child support project. The study was able to find out the fact that development cooperation project maintains the relationship between the donor country and beneficiary country and eventually contributes to promote welfare of the beneficiary country's residents.

The level of unification that most South Korean desired was 'coming and going to North and South freely', and the most concerned issue after the unification was economic conflict between the North and the South. On the other hand, education on Korea’s unification starting from early childhood was recognized as desirable. The survey on the general public also found out that 'internal conflict among South Koreans' is an issue that our society has to solve.

Tasks in the field of education child care drawn from the experts opinion survey include forming a consultative group between two Koreas, having conventions regularly, output of common statistical data of the North and South Koreas, North and South Koreas’ joint establishment and management of day care center, kindergarten, joint development and implementation of unification education, expanding children’ exchanges between two Koreas. Based on the findings of the study, specific promotion directions for the overall exchange and cooperation are 1)firstly conducting exchange and cooperation before discussing the unification. 2)preparing the legal foundations to support North Korea's infants and children and to increase the exchange and cooperation. 3)proceeding the economic cooperation to reduce the economic gap between the North and the South with establishing day care centers and kindergarten for the workers of the economic cooperation. 4)proceeding the exchange cooperate projects depending on the changes that North Korea shows 5)solving the internal conflicts among South Koreans

The study suggests that the policy plan for the field of education and child care should reflect the North and South's relation, and the strategy should be different among the stages; stalemate relation, and initial, middle, long stage of improvement.

For example if North and South Korea's joint convention is held, the level of North and South Korea's relation should be considered when selecting the convention’s main topic. Also during the stalemate stage, supporting the day care center in Gaesong area should be concentrated on supplying the goods, and expands its cooperation field once the relation improves such as opening regular meetings with education and child care experts, director and teachers. For a long-term stage, it was suggested to establish and operate the workplace nursery(day care center) in the economic cooperation in collaboration with the North and the South.