지방정부의 영유아 보육·교육 재정 분석 및 개선 방안 연구

Abstract

The social interest and demands for childcare and education such as universal welfare, enhancement of publicness, subject of budget burden of NURI curriculum have been increasing. To respond these, the government has established and enforced various policies, so the amount of expenditures for the related policy of central and local governments have been increasing continuously. To operate this efficiently, the comprehensive collection of financial data is required. This study, therefore, intends to identify the whole size of childcare and education finance by collecting the budget data from each Education Office and local governments.

First, the study collects the revenue and expenditure data of each Education Office and the budget data of local governments. And then, based on these data, the study optionally collects the childcare and education finance data. Most importantly, for childcare, as the policies of local governments are very diverse and classified by different standards, we re-classify and arrange them by the our own criteria. Based on the collected and reorganized data, we provide policy suggestions for collecting financial data of childcare and education and the proposal of the childcare and education financial index to access financial efficiency and robustness.

The results show that the size of public expenditures for child education increased to KRW 5.9 trillion in 2018 from KRW 3.4 trillion in 2016 and as of 2018, the budget of education welfare support (NURI curriculum, meal service) takes 67.4% of it. In the budget for childcare, the public expenditures also increased to KRW 10.7 trillion in 2018 from KRW 9.7 trillion in 2015. The increment index (2015=100) are 103.1 in 2016, 111,0 in 2017 and 109.8 in 2018.

For the next another decade, the considerable amount of public expenditures of central and local governments will be invested to childcare and education directly or indirectly. It is needed to set the corresponding area as the 'policy-interest sector'. As doing so, we’re able to identify the budgeting and execution size for the related sectors of central and local governments, and as a result, to secure the efficiency and robustness of national finance. In addition, the continuous data collection and the comprehensive examination of financial data are needed. Due to the interest for the quality of childcare and education, and the low total fertility rate, many of related policies are being established and operated in the level of local governments. So it is needed to systemize and categorize these diverse policies and their expenditures.