안전한 영유아 보육·교육 환경 조성 방안: 어린이집·유치원의 안전성 확보를 위한 공간환경 조성 방안

Abstract

Recently child safety-accidents occurring indoor and outdoor by the errors in the stage of building design or construction have been more and more serious with carelessness of victims. In the absence of detailed safety-standard in the design phase for the child care center and kindergarten, safety accidents would occur routinely, and thus it is urgent to draw up the counter measures.

In this regard, this study aimed to establish the guideline for early planning stage in order to build a safe space environment of child care center and kindergarten. To derive the guideline, first, this paper explored and compared domestic and foreign standards on the current legal system relating to those facilities. The domestic legal system largely consists of infant care law and education law, which regulate general safety requirements including location requirement, safety standards for each room, facilities for emergency disaster, indoor environment standard etc, but not rendering detailed regulations. On the other hand, ‘Child Care Center Design Guide’ from U.S. or ‘Education Act’ from U.K. prescribe detailed facility standards not only in aspects of areal function, building installations, space elements, but also in health and safety welfare aspects. In addition, the child care center and infant school in Japan are built and maintained through both children’s welfare law and school education law, which contain design and inspection guidelines providing details for safe space environment.

Then, it analysed the status and cause of accidents occurring in-country child care centers and kindergartens. According to the advanced research on current status of safety accidents in child care center and kindergarten, infant room, classroom, playroom as inside space and playground as outside space are the dominant space where safety accidents happened. Moreover, it is revealed that injury by crashing and falling down because of the defects on installations and finishing material was the predominant type of accident.

On the basis of the analysis, the criteria for field survey was created, and ten child care centers and six kindergartens were selected and surveyed in order to figure out the current condition and problems in terms of space safety. Although each facility was established in different type and size, there were common problems from building design of windows or stairs to space plan which could impact on hygienic management or efficient child care.

Lastly, the guideline for safe space construction of child care center and kindergarten was presented, considering current status of legal and operation system. The guide is composed of two chapter; general provisions and safety standard. The first chapter contains the aim, the subject of application, the definition of terms and reference laws. The next chapter provides safety requirements which should be complied in a facility planning stage. The safety standards available to apply commonly to both child care center and kindergarten are suggested on the preferential basis, and each special factors are presented additionally as separate guidelines.