인구구조 변화에 대응하는 육아정책의 과제: 이민정책 국제비교를 중심으로

Abstract

At present, childcare policy support within the country is limited to individuals holding Korean nationality in Korea. However, in view of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) and other relevant international frameworks, there is increasing recognition of the need to enhance existing policies to ensure the protection of human rights, facilitate social integration and promote the healthy development of foreign infants and young children residing in the country. In this context, the present study seeks to conduct an international comparative analysis of childcare policies concerning foreign infants and young children in Korea, Japan, Germany, Sweden, and the UK. The objective is to generate meaningful policy insights and explore future directions for policy advancement. In this study, “foreign infants and young children” refers to children residing in the country who do not hold your country’s nationality (i.e.,those with foreign citizenship or no citizenship). Scope of Childcare Policies covered in this study: ① Cash benefits: Child allowance, parental leave pay, birth grants, etc. ② Early childhood education and care(ECEC): Use of kindergartens, childcare centres, etc. ③ Time-related support for child-rearing: Parental leave, reduced working hours during child-rearing periods, etc. ④ Health support: Medical services for infants, young children and pregnant women